In September of 2020 we introduced our own homecooked replacement for RocksDB - a storage engine called Pebble. You can read about our reasons for the switch in this blog. We have tremendous respect and appreciation for RocksDB and continue to recommend it. … If, on a final exam at a database class, you asked students whether to build a database on a log-structured merge tree (LSM) or a BTree-based storage engine, 90% of your students would probably respond that the decision hinges on your workload. “LSMs are for write-heavy workloads and BTrees are for read-heavy workloads”, the conscientious ones would write. If you surveyed most NewSQL (or distributed SQL) databases today, most of them are built on top of an LSM, namely, RocksDB. You might thus conclude that this is because modern applications have shifted to more write-heavy workloads. You would be incorrect.

The three design principles of CockroachDB are correctness, stability, and performance. Having achieved our correctness and stability goals with CockroachDB 1.0 and 1.1, we focused heavily on performance with CockroachDB 2.0. For more information on which benchmarks matter, or to see a comparison between CockroachDB 1.1 and 2.0, you can read CockroachDB 2.0 Makes Significant Strides. Today we are releasing a comprehensive whitepaper that demonstrates how CockroachDB achieves high OLTP performance of over 128,000 tpmC on a TPC-C dataset over 2 terabytes in size. This OLTP performance is over 10x more TPC-C throughput than Amazon Aurora, in a 3x replicated deployment with single-digit seconds recovery time and zero-downtime migrations and upgrades. This far surpasses a typical active-passive database deployment with manual failure recovery. CockroachDB achieves this in serializable isolation, unlike competing databases that sacrifice isolation for performance. We’re very excited to talk about performance, and have taken care to make this more than just an announcement with vague numbers. In keeping with our open source philosophy, our whitepaper contains a step-by-step reproduction of instructions to verify all our performance claims, as well as context on our benchmarking philosophy and practices. We don’t just want you to take our word for our performance numbers, we’d like to arm you with all the tools you need to check it out for yourself! In this post, we’d like to cover some brief highlights, but do check out the whitepaper for more details and a fully reproducible test script.

Correctness, stability, and performance are the foundations of CockroachDB. We've invested tremendous resources into correctness and stability. Today, performance takes the spotlight as we will be publishing benchmarked metrics that demonstrate that you can achieve correctness, stability, and excellent performance within the same database.